S Korea says won't end broadcasts without 'clear' N Korea apology

SEOUL - South Korea said Monday it would not switch off propaganda broadcasts unless Pyongyang offered a "clear apology" over a series of alleged provocations, as the two Koreas were locked in negotiations to end a military standoff.

The remarks from South Korean President Park Geun-Hye came even as top-level representatives from both countries engaged in marathon talks which began Saturday in the border truce village of Panmunjom, where the 1950-53 Korean War ceasefire was signed.

But hope over the outcome of the latest talks was clouded by South Korean claims that the North was seeking to influence the negotiating process with provocative military movements, including moving additional artillery units to the border and deploying dozens of submarines.

"(North Korea) should make a clear apology... and ensure that there will be no further provocations," Park said in a speech, blaming Pyongyang for sparking the current military crisis with "provocative activities".

The South's defence ministry, meanwhile, said the North had doubled its artillery units at the border and deployed two-thirds of its total submarine fleet - around 50 vessels - outside their bases.

The ministry said it was closely monitoring the movement of North Korean landing craft, following a report by the Yonhap news agency that the North has deployed about 10 air-cushioned amphibious landing craft carrying special forces to a frontline naval base.

"The North is adopting a two-faced stance with the talks going on," said a ministry spokesman who described the scale of the movement as "unprecedented".

The negotiations in Panmunjom are being led by South Korean National Security Adviser Kim Kwan-Jin and his North Korean counterpart Hwang Pyong-So - a close confidant of leader Kim Jong-Un.

The gruelling hours reflect the challenge of reaching a compromise, with both militaries on maximum alert and flexing their weaponry across a border that has already seen one exchange of artillery fire.

While the North moves around subs and artillery units, South Korean and US fighter jets have been carrying out simulated bombing sorties not far from the border.

Landmine blasts

The roots of the standoff lie in landmine blasts on the border this month that maimed two South Korean soldiers.

Accusing Pyongyang of laying the mines, Seoul retaliated by switching on giant banks of loudspeakers that had lain silent for more than a decade, blasting high-decibel propaganda messages into North Korea.

The North denied any role in the mine blasts and issued an ultimatum for the South to halt its "psychological warfare" or face attack.

Analysts said the North would never apologise for the mine blasts, while South Korea would reject any compromise that might be seen to reward Pyongyang's belligerence.

"The two sides may be able to come up with a statement in which some sort of 'regret' is expressed without explicitly naming the North," said Jeung Young-Tae, an analyst at the Korea Institute for National Unification in Seoul.

"But I don't think such a vague statement will work this time," Jeung said, stressing that the case of the maimed soldiers - both of whom lost legs - had become an emotional issue in the South.

"So I think the best outcome of this meeting will be an agreement for another high-level meeting in the future, such as defence ministerial talks," he added.

That would still leave open the issue of the propaganda broadcasts, which Seoul has vowed to continue.

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon, a former South Korean foreign minister, urged both sides to "redouble" their efforts to reach a compromise.

Technically, the two Koreas have been at war for the past 65 years, as the Korean War ended with a ceasefire that was never ratified by a formal peace treaty.

There are nearly 30,000 US troops permanently stationed in South Korea, and the US military's top officer on Saturday reiterated Washington's commitment to the defence of its ally.

South Korea's defence ministry said Seoul and Washington would discuss the possible deployment of strategic US military assets on the peninsula.