Twitter said governments around the world made requests to remove content from a record number of user accounts between January and June last year, in data to be released by the social media company on Tuesday (Jan 25).
The platform said governments made 43,387 legal demands for the removal of content from 196,878 accounts in the six-month period, according to data in its latest transparency report seen by Reuters.
Twitter said this was the largest number of accounts ever targeted with government removal requests in a reporting period since the company started releasing transparency reports in 2012. It was also the largest number of government removal requests in a reporting period.
Ninety-five per cent of these legal demands came from five countries, with the most coming from Japan, followed by Russia, Turkey, India, and South Korea, it said. The site is blocked in several countries including China and North Korea.
Twitter said it either "withheld" access to content in certain countries or required account holders to remove some or all of the reported content in response to 54 per cent of the global legal demands in this period.
"We're facing unprecedented challenges as governments around the world increasingly attempt to intervene and remove content," Twitter's vice president of global public policy and philanthropy Sinead McSweeney said in a statement. "This threat to privacy and freedom of expression is a deeply worrying trend that requires our full attention."
Major social media companies face ongoing scrutiny from global governments and regulators over the material they allow on their platforms. In the past year, Twitter has faced high-profile tussles with governments from India to Nigeria over content moderation and regulation.
Twitter has also, along with companies like Facebook and Google, faced criticism in the United States and other countries over how it combats issues like misinformation and violent rhetoric on its platform.
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The number of accounts specified in the legal requests was up almost 50 per cent from 131,933 accounts from the previous six months, according to the data.
The number of government removal requests increased 14 per cent from 38,524 in the last reporting period and was up about 2.8 per cent year-over-year, Twitter said.
The company said this summer it had seen a surge in government demands worldwide in 2020 to take down content posted by journalists and news outlets, but it said the number of such accounts subject to these requests decreased 14 per cent in the latest reporting period.
The report also said requests from governments for Twitter to preserve account information were down by about four per cent from the previous reporting period.
It said the United States accounted for about 57 per cent of these requests and the US was also the single largest source of government information requests.