Two Russian rocket engines arrive in US as planned

WASHINGTON - Two Russian-built rocket engines arrived in the United States on Wednesday aboard a giant Antonov cargo plane despite fears that tensions between the United States and Russia could disrupt the supply of engines needed to launch US satellites into space.

"Today, United Launch Alliance received two RD-180 engines at our factory in Decatur, Alabama, that will support critical near-term US missions," said Jessica Rye, spokeswoman for the joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin Corp. ULA uses the Russian engines to help launch a range of NASA and other government satellites into space.

Rye said the deliveries occurred as scheduled, bringing the company's current inventory of RD-180 engines to 15. Three additional rockets are due to arrive this fall, she said.

Tensions between Moscow and Washington over Russia's annexation of the Crimea region of Ukraine have raised concerns that Russian rocket engine deliveries could be interrupted, sparking fresh efforts by United Launch Alliance (ULA) and the US Air Force to explore alternate sources to power the Atlas 5 rocket.

For now, Washington remains dependent on the Russian engines since it could take years and billions of dollars to design and build a US-built alternate engine, according to US government officials and industry executives.

Wednesday's delivery of two more RD-180 engines showed that so far Russian officials are allowing engine deliveries to proceed despite at least one threat tweeted by a senior Russian official that Moscow could halt shipments of engines destined for US military satellite launches.

But Rye said ULA was proceeding with feasibility studies with multiple companies about building a new US rocket engine. "While the RD-180 has been a remarkable success, we believe now is the right time to invest in a domestic engine," she said, noting that the US government had also made clear its support for development of a domestic engine.

The engines delivered on Wednesday were not earmarked specifically for civilian or military launches but will add to the overall current inventory, which officials have said will last for about two years.

ULA has an $11 billion contract with the US Air Force for 36 launches, but privately held Space Exploration Technologies, or SpaceX, has sued in US federal claims courts to be allowed to compete for more of that work.

SpaceX is working through the certification it needs from the Air Force to compete for such orders with its Falcon 9 rocket, and plans to debut a heavy-lift Falcon rocket next year.

Certifying SpaceX to fly US military missions would help alleviate concerns about a future ban on Russian engine exports.

Former Air Force Space Commander William Shelton, who retired this month, last month said he expected the Air Force to complete its certification of SpaceX rockets by December.

The Air Force is working on a review of possible alternatives to continued use of the RD-180 rocket engines.