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‘BASED ON JUSTICE AND EQUALITY’

Commemorating 200 years of Singapore’s modern judicial and legal system

Published on November 11, 2026

Ever wondered how modern Singapore set her foundations to become a place where people build their lives with confidence?

This year, Singapore commemorates 200 years of its modern judicial and legal system that has shaped the society we know today.

Through every milestone, one key constant thread has remained: the Rule of Law.

What is the Rule of Law?
Fundamentally, the Rule of Law means that no person or group, including the government, is above the law. Having it in place ensures that everyone is treated equally under clear and publicly made laws, which are interpreted and applied impartially by an independent court system.
In addition, making sure that justice remains accessible and promptly administered is essential to preserving our social fabric and maintaining public trust and order. 
 
We are a small, multi-racial and multi-religious society, with people of different backgrounds and beliefs living in close proximity...This reality shapes how we approach the Rule of Law. We put a strong emphasis on safeguarding the wider public interest. We ensure that the Government has the ability to act decisively and swiftly when circumstances demand it.
 
Prime Minister Lawrence Wong at SGLaw200 Youth Forum held on May 13, 2026.

Why are we marking 200 years?

In 1826, the Second Charter of Justice introduced a common legal system that applied to all who lived in Singapore.
This was significant as before the Second Charter, different communities had different laws; for instance, the Chinese and Malays had their own laws and rules administered by their respective figures of authority.
Many of us might find this unimaginable today, as we have grown accustomed to a common legal system that applies to everyone – regardless of race, language or religion – and which no person is above.
Under colonial rule, the aim of the legal system was mainly to serve the British empire. However, over the past 200 years, Singapore has continuously developed our own distinctive approach to the Rule of Law – one that is responsive to our contexts and benefits Singaporeans in tangible ways.

In your opinion, what role does the Rule of Law play in Singapore's society?

 

Celebrating 200 Years

37th Singapore Law Review Annual Lecture

To mark the official launch of SGLaw200, Senior Minister of State, Ministry of Law and Ministry of Transport, Murali Pillai SC addressed attendees.

 
The Charter introduced a common legal system for all, regardless of race, culture, or religion. That is the essence of the Rule of Law writ large in the Charter… we created a common foundation for all - a law which applies equally to everyone and which no person is above. But this system did not arise from a single moment of creation, completed two centuries ago. The law, and our commitment to its rule, is an everyday labour, now, a modern undertaking, which all of us today must continue to make real.
 
Senior Minister of State, Ministry of Law and Ministry of Transport, Murali Pillai SC at the 37th Singapore Law Review Annual Lecture held on Jan 9, 2026.​

The Next Charter: Shaping Singapore’s Legal Future Together!

On Mar 6, 2026, over 850 members of the legal community – lawyers, in-house counsel, law students and legaltech innovators – gathered at “The Next Charter: Shaping Singapore’s Legal Future Together!” event to discuss the transformation of Singapore’s landscape, as AI disrupts the practice of law.

 

Today, we look ahead and think about the next Charter… keeping our laws up to date, meeting demands of the market, making sure that we evolve to remain relevant is a key feature of the Singapore justice system.

 

Minister for Law and Second Minister for Home Affairs Edwin Tong SC at the event on Mar 6, 2026.​

Law and Heritage in our Communities

This is the current site of the National Gallery Singapore, which opened in 2015. Before this however, this was home to the Supreme Court, Singapore’s highest court from 1939 to 2005.

Former Supreme Court building

Can you guess how many courtrooms the former Supreme Court building had when it first opened in 1939?

 

The former Supreme Court building only had four courtrooms.

This might have suffice for Singapore back in 1939, but by the 1980s, the courtrooms could no longer cope with a growing caseload and 12 additional courtrooms had to be built in the adjacent City Hall.

In 2005, the Supreme Court moved into its current building at 1 Supreme Court Lane, which has 29 courtrooms today across a nine-storey building.

As our legal landscape evolves with enhanced facilities, reforms, and improved processes, we make meaningful strides in making justice timely and accessible, beyond fairness.

Supreme Court building

Curious to find out more interesting facts about how our legal systems and institutions came to be?

Check out some of the following interesting activations and initiatives that have been rolled out throughout the year:

Heritage Trail

The Ministry of Law, in collaboration with Heritage SG, has rolled out a heritage trail to detail the stories behind 20 locations with significance to the Rule of Law in Singapore - from the country's first courthouse following the Second Charter of Justice, to the modern courts and legal institutions of today.

You can choose to experience the heritage trail in two ways:

This article was written in partnership with

Ministry of Law Singapore / SGLAW 200

Produced by: CJ Foo, Desmond Chua, Eunice Leow, Gina Lim, Kimi Ang, Lavinna Kaur, Liu Ying, Lynette Phua, Mustafa Sulaiman, Tony Bo, Wan Yeung

Photo Credits: Ministry of Law, Institute of Policy Studies, Jasper Lim, Danial Zahrin, Nuriyah Fatin